北京城市化进程中家庭食物碳消费动态

不可持续的家庭消费是造成全球环境问题的主要原因,食物碳消费研究是促进可持续家庭消费的重要内容。基于政府宏观统计数据,分析北京城市化进程中城市家庭食物碳消费的变化趋势和影响因素。结果表明,与1979年相比,1999年北京城市家庭人均及户均食物消费量分别减少了15.2%和38.6%,而食物碳消费总量增加了28.5%,食物碳消费结构由“以粮食为主”转变成“以粮食和肉类为主”。城市化进程中,以1993年为界,家庭食物人均及户均碳消费量均由明显减少趋势转变为明显增长趋势,变化的主要原因由“食物消费结构变化引起的人均谷物类碳消费量的减少”转变为“人均食物消费量增加引起的人均肉类碳消费量的增加”。北京城市家庭已基本完成食物消费结构的转变,人均食物消费量仍继续增加。GDP指数是影响人均食物碳消费量的主要经济因素,经济的继续增长可能带来人均食物碳消费量的增加,北京城市家庭食物碳消费尚未达到稳定状态。

Dynamics of urban food-carbon consumption in Beijing households

Households' consumption activities are an important contributor to global environmental problems,and research on food-carbon consumption are suggested to be an important content in promoting sustainable household consumption.Based on statistical data,the trend of urban food-carbon consumption in Beijing households and its influencing factors were analyzed.Carbon in food was calculated with protein,carbonhydrate,fat content in food and results showed that,compared with 1979,food-carbon consumption per capita in Beijing households decreased by 15.2% in 1999 and that per household decreased by 38.6%,while the total food-carbon consumption increased by 28.5% because of population growth.The main form of food carbon changed from corn carbon to corn and meat carbon.During the process of urbanization from 1979,food-carbon consumption per capita suffered a significant decrease until 1993 and then rose significantly and continuously, as did the food-carbon consumption per household.Research shows that the decrease of corn carbon per capita and accordingly the change of food consumption structure is the main reason for the decrease of food carbon consumption per capita,while the increase of meat carbon per capita and total food consumption accounts for the increase.GDP index is the key economical factor influencing urban food-carbon consumption per capita.With the increase of urban economy,urban food-carbon consumption per capita in Beijing households is supposed to increase and has not yet reached a stable level.This due to the fact that the transformation of food-consumption structure has almost finished in Beijing urban households,while food consumption per capita is still increasing.