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Activated proline‐rich tyrosine kinase 2 regulates meiotic spindle assembly in the mouse oocyte
Authors:Xiao‐Qian Meng  Bing Cui  Dong Cheng  Hui Lyu  Li‐Gang Jiang  Ke‐Gang Zheng  Shu‐Zhen Liu  Jie Pan  Cong Zhang  Jing Bai  Jun Zhou
Affiliation:1. Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, China;2. Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, Shandong, China;3. Infertility Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China;4. Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Jinan Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
Abstract:Proline‐rich tyrosine kinase 2 (PYK2), a member of the protein tyrosine kinase family, plays an important role in various cellular processes. PYK2 can be phosphorylated on tyrosine 402 by diverse stimuli at the cell surface, and recent studies have shown that this activated form of PYK2 is enriched in oocytes and required for fertilization. However, the subcellular localization and functions of activated PYK2 in oocytes remain elusive. In this study, we demonstrate that the localization of p‐PYK2 undergoes dynamic changes during in vitro maturation of mouse oocytes. The signal of p‐PYK2 is initially dispersed in the cytoplasm, but begins to decorate organized microtubules after the germinal vesicle breakdown and localizes to spindle poles at metaphase. Our data further show that p‐PYK2 colocalizes with γ‐tubulin from the germinal vesicle stage through the end of meiosis in mouse oocytes. Nocodazole treatment and washout experiments confirm that p‐PYK2 associates with the oocyte spindle and spindle poles. Moreover, pharmacological inhibition of PYK2 activity dramatically alters the morphology of the bipolar spindle and prevents oocyte maturation. Together, these data suggest that activated PYK2 may function as a component of the microtubule organizing center to regulate spindle assembly during the meiotic process of mouse oocytes.
Keywords:in vitro maturation  meiosis  oocyte  proline‐rich tyrosine kinase 2  spindle assembly
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