Nitrogen and drought effects on ectomycorrhizae of Norway spruce [Picea abies L.(Karst.)] |
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Authors: | Nilsen Petter Børja Isabella Knutsen Heidi Brean Roald |
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Institution: | (1) Norwegian Forest Research Institute, Høgskoleveien 12, N-1432 Ås, Norway;(2) Department of Biotechnological Sciences, Agricultural University of Norway, P.O. Box 5040, N-1432 Ås, Norway |
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Abstract: | Effects of N addition and drought on ectomycorrhizae of Norway spruce trees were investigated in an outdoor pot lysimeter study. Three levels of N were applied as ammonium nitrate in irrigation water for five years; ambient rainwater (N0) and 5 (N5) and 15 (N15) times this N concentration. Mean annual N addition during the five years corresponded to 5, 27 and 82 kg·ha-1·y-1 for the N0, N5 and N15 treatments, respectively. During the third and fifth growth seasons two levels (lengths) of drought were artificially induced in addition to a watered control. Soil cores taken from each pot lysimeter were analyzed for mycorrhizal colonization and ectomycorrhizae were categorized according to macroscopic morphology. Drought decreased mycorrhizal colonization significantly. There was a significant interaction of drought and N effects on reduction of the mycorrhizal colonization. Although all of the mycorrhiza types were influenced by drought, only Cenococcum geophilum showed a significant change. N treatment alone did not show any significant effect either on mycorrhizal colonization or mycorrhizal types. |
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Keywords: | drought ectomycorrhizae N fertilization Norway spruce |
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