Frequency of serovars and antimicrobial resistance in Shigella spp. from Brazil |
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Authors: | Peirano Gisele,Souza Flávia dos Santos,Rodrigues Dalia dos Prazeres Shigella Study Group |
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Affiliation: | Laboratório de Referência Nacional de Cólera e outras Enteroinfec??es Bacterianas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21045-900, Brasil. peirano@ioc.fiocruz.br |
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Abstract: | A total of 296 Shigella spp. were received from State Public Health Laboratories, during the period from 1999 to 2004, by National Reference Laboratory for Cholera and Enteric Diseases (NRLCED)--IOC/Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The frequency of Shigella spp. was: S. flexneri (52.7%), S. sonnei (44.2%), S. boydii (2.3%), and S. dysenteriae (0.6%). The most frequent S. flexneri serovars were 2a and 1b. The highest incidence rates of Shigella isolation were observed in the Southeast (39%) and Northeast (34%) regions and the lowest rate in the South (3%) of Brazil. Strains were further analyzed for antimicrobial susceptibility by disk diffusion method as part of a surveillance program on antimicrobial resistance. The highest rates of antimicrobial resistance were to trimethoprim-sulfamethozaxole (90%), tetracycline (88%), ampicillin (56%), and chloramphenicol (35%). The patterns of antimicrobial resistance among Shigella isolates pose a major difficulty in the determination of an appropriate drug for shigellosis treatment. Continuous monitoring of antimicrobial susceptibilities of Shigella spp. through a surveillance system is thus essential for effective therapy and control measures against shigellosis. |
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