GIS支持下的黔中地区生态环境敏感性评估

采用GIS技术与层次分析法相结合对黔中地区生态环境敏感性进行综合评估。选取了4类15个指标构建指标体系,采用层次分析法计算各指标的权重,运用GIS技术计算评价单元的敏感指数、自动生成黔中地区生态环境敏感等级图,并从土壤侵蚀、石漠化、生物多样性及生境、酸雨等方面进行了敏感性空间分异规律分析。结果表明:中地区土壤侵蚀和酸雨较敏感、石漠化不是很敏感,生物多样性及生境很敏感。

Eco-environmental sensitivity evaluation of Central Guizhou Province based on GIS technique

With the combination of geographical information system (GIS) and analytical hierarchy process (AHP), the eco-environmental sensitivity of Central Guizhou Province was evaluated comprehensively. A total of fifteen indices in 4 categories were selected to set up an indices system. The weight of each selected index and the value of each evaluation cell were calculated by AHP, and the eco-environmental sensitivity evaluation map was built by GIS. The spatial variation pattern of the sensitivity was analyzed from the aspects of soil erosion, rocky desertification, biodiversity, habitat and acid rain. The results indicated that in Central Guizhou, biodiversity and habitat had the highest sensitivity, followed by soil erosion and acid rain, and rocky desertification, which could provide a theoretical basis for the reasonable utilization of natural resources, layout of industry and agriculture, and sustainable development of this region.