Determinants of dominance hierarchy in a captive group of pigtailed monkeys (Macaca nemestrina) |
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Authors: | Kisaburo Tokuda Gordon D. Jensen |
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Affiliation: | (1) Regional Primate Research Center and Department of Psychiatry, University of Washington, USA;(2) 7 Ryo, Sanda Gakuen, Sanda-shi, Hyogo, Japan;(3) Division of Mental Health School of Medicine University of California, 95616 Davis, Calif., USA |
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Abstract: | Eighteen pigtailed monkeys, all strangers to each other, were placed together in a laboratory compound. Two infants were eliminated from the study shortly after group formation. To determine dominance hierarchy aggressive-submissive interactions were observed among the remaining 16 monkeys during 4 periods covering 5 months of group development.Results suggested that 3 factors were basic determinants of dominance hierarchy: body weight for males, estrus for females, and maturity for both sexes.Aggressive-submissive interactions were far more frequent during Period I, the first hour of group formation, but decreased with stabilization of hierarchical order in subsequent periods.Aggressive-submissive interactions were not evenly distributed among all possible pairs in the group, but tended to involve mostly the high-ranking animals. Also, high-ranking animals concentrated their aggression towards more submissive monkeys of their own rank. Because low ranking animals were involved in fewer aggressive-submissive interactions, their rank determination was difficult.This research was supported by grant No. FR-00166 from the National Institutes of Health, U. S. A. |
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