Chemical Composition,Antibacterial, Antibiofilm and Synergistic Properties of Essential Oils from Eucalyptus globulus Labill. and Seven Mediterranean Aromatic Plants |
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| Authors: | Maria Vieira Lucinda J. Bessa M. Rosário Martins Sílvia Arantes António P. S. Teixeira Ângelo Mendes Paulo Martins da Costa Anabela D. F. Belo |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Departamento de Produ??o Aquática, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto, Porto;2. UCIBIO/REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Porto;3. Laboratório HERCULES & Departamento de Química, Escola de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade de évora, évora;4. ICAAM – Instituto de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais Mediterranicas & Laboratório HERCULES, Universidade de évora, évora;5. Centro de Química de évora & Departamento de Química, Escola de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade de évora, évora;6. Centro Interdisciplinar de Investiga??o Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Matosinhos;7. ICAAM ‐ Instituto de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais Mediterranicas, Departamento de Biologia, Escola de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade de évora, évora |
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| Abstract: | Essential oils (EOs) from Eucalyptus globulus Labill . ssp. globulus and from Mediterranean autochthonous aromatic plants – Thymus mastichina L., Mentha pulegium L., Rosmarinus officinalis L., Calamintha nepeta (L.) Savi ssp. nepeta, Cistus ladanifer L., Foeniculum vulgare L., Dittrichia viscosa (L.) Greuter ssp. viscosa – were extracted by hydrodistillation and characterized by GC‐FID and NMR spectroscopy. EOs were evaluated for antimicrobial properties against several bacterial strains, using diverse methods, namely, the agar disc‐diffusion method, the microdilution method, the crystal violet assay and the Live/Dead staining for assessment of biofilm formation. Potential synergy was assessed by a checkerboard method. EOs of R. officinalis and C. ladanifer showed a predominance in monoterpene hydrocarbons (> 60%); EOs of C. nepeta, M. pulegium, T. mastichina, E. globulus and F. vulgare were rich in oxygenated monoterpenes (62 – 96%) whereas EO of D. viscosa was mainly composed of oxygenated sesquiterpenes (54%). All EOs showed antimicrobial activity; M. pulegium and E. globulus generally had the strongest antimicrobial activity. EO of C. nepeta was the most promising in hampering the biofilm formation. The combinations D. viscosa/C. nepeta and E. globulus/T. mastichina were synergistic against Staphylococcus aureus. These results support the notion that EOs from the aromatic plants herein reported should be further explored as potential pharmaceuticals and/or food preservatives. |
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| Keywords: | Wild‐grown aromatic plants Essential oils Antibacterial activity Antibiofilm Synergistic effects |
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