中国南海西沙群岛海域鸢乌贼角质颚色素沉积变化

角质颚是头足类的主要摄食器官,蕴藏着大量的渔业生物学及生态学信息。根据2017年5-8月中国灯光罩网渔船于中国南海西沙群岛海域采集的860尾鸢乌贼样本,对其角质颚色素沉积等级进行了划分和判定,研究了鸢乌贼角质颚色素沉积等级变化与胴长、体质量、净重、性腺成熟度和角质颚外部形态参数等因子的关系。结果表明:鸢乌贼的角质颚色素沉积变化存在性别间显著性差异(P<0.05),雌性个体角质颚色素沉积速度快于雄性;色素沉积等级与胴长、体质量和净重均呈正相关,并随着性腺成熟度的增加而增加;雄性个体角质颚下颚除翼长外,其余各部色素沉积的速度均快于上颚各部;雌性个体上颚各部色素沉积速度均快于下颚。本研究为后续利用角质颚研究鸢乌贼渔业生物学和对该资源的有效开发及科学管理提供了基础。

Pigmentation change on beak for Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis in the Xisha Islands waters of the South China Sea.

Beak is the feeding organ of cephalopods,which could provide abundant information on cephalopod fishery biology and ecology.We measured beak pigmentation in 860 purple-back flying squid(Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis)samples collected by Chinese lighting falling-net vessels in the Xisha Islands waters of the South China Sea from May to August 2017.We analyzed the relationship of changes in beak pigmentation with mantle length(ML),body weight(BW),somatic body weight(SBW),sexual maturity,and the external morphological parameters of the beak.The results showed that there were significant sexual variations in the beak pigmentation of S.oualaniensis(P<0.05),with higher pigment rates in females.The relationships between the pigmentation and ML,BW and SBW were positive.Pigmentation increased with the increasing sexual maturity stage.The velocity of male pigmentation in the lower beak was faster than the upper beak,except the lower wing length.However,the velocity of female pigmentation in the lower beak was slower than that in the upper beak.Our results provide a basis for the fishery biology research and for effective exploitation and scientific management of S.oualaniensis resource.