Keeping up with the neighbours: phytochrome sensing and other signalling mechanisms |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Botany and Plant Biology, Section of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland;2. Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva (iGE3), University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland;1. Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai 599-8531, Japan;2. Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan;1. The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement (NFCRI), Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China;2. College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, P.R. China;3. State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, P.R China;4. Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology and Breeding/Genetics of Chinese Agriculture Ministry, College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P.R China;1. College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211-Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, PR China;2. Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System, Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China (Ministry of Agriculture), Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, PR China;3. Department of Environmental Sciences, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan;4. Slovak University of Agriculture Nitra, Slovakia;5. College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan;6. Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, PR China;7. College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, PR China |
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| Abstract: | Plants ‘forage’ for light in plant canopies using a variety of photosensory systems. Far-red radiation (FR) reflected by neighbours is an early signal of competition that elicits anticipatory shade-avoidance responses. In Arabidopsis and cucumber, perception of reflected FR requires phytochrome B. Horizontal blue (B) light gradients also guide plant shoots to canopy gaps in patchy vegetation, and these B light signals are perceived by specific photoreceptors. When plants are shaded by neighbours they undergo extensive reprogramming of their morphological development. Although phytochromes and B light receptors are certainly involved in these responses to shading, other sensory systems probably play important roles in the field. Recent studies of plant–plant signalling are unveiling a paradigm of sensory diversity and sophistication, which has important implications for understanding the functioning of plant populations and communities. |
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