Metabolic and oxidative impairments in human salivary gland cells line exposed to MeHg |
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| Institution: | 1. Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil;2. Laboratory of Cell Culture and Cytogenetics, Environment Section, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ananindeua, PA, Brazil;3. School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil;4. Laboratory of Toxicology, Environment Section, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ananindeua, PA, Brazil;5. Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil;1. Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131, Ancona, Italy;2. School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Camerino, MC, Italy;3. School of Pharmacy and Health Products, University of Camerino, 62032, Camerino, Italy;1. Department of Clinical Psychology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poland;2. Department of Dietetics, Poznan University of Physical Education, Poland;1. Environmental Epigenetics Laboratory, Department of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China;2. Department of General Practice, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China;1. Department of Pharmacy, The 967th hospital of People''s Liberation Army, No.80, Shengli Road, Xigang, Dalian, Liaoning, 116021, China;2. Institute of Rare Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.37, Guoxue Alley, Wuhou, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China;1. Department of Materials Engineering, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, 65178-38695, Iran;2. Environmental Science and Engineering Program, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, 79968, USA;1. Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Bl. 11, 1113, Sofia, Bulgaria;2. Institute of Experimental Morphology, Pathology and Anthropology with Museum, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Bl. 25, 1113, Sofia, Bulgaria;3. National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry, Panepistimiopolis, 15784, Athens, Greece |
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| Abstract: | Background/aimThe ingestion of contaminated seafood by MeHg is considered the main route of human exposure, turning the salivary gland one important target organ. The salivary glands play critical roles in maintaining oral health homeostasis, producing saliva that maintains the oral microbiota, initiation of the digestion of macromolecules, and being essential in maintaining the integrity of the adjacent soft tissues and teeth. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the effects of MeHg exposure on human salivary gland cells line.MethodsCells were exposed to 1–6 μM of MeHg for 24 h, and analysis of toxicity was performed. Based on these results, the LC50 was calculated and two concentrations were chosen (0.25 and 2.5 μM MeHg) to evaluate intracellular mercury (Hg) accumulation (THg), metabolic viability and oxidative stress parameters (GSH:GSSG ratio, lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation and DNA damage).ResultsThe results demonstrated accumulation of THg as we increased the MeHg concentrations in the exposure and, the higher the dose, the lower is the cell metabolic response. In addition, the 2.5 μM MeHg concentration also triggered oxidative stress in human salivary gland cells by depleting the antioxidant competence of GSH:GSSG ratio and increasing lipid peroxidation and proteins carbonyl levels, but no damages to DNA integrity.ConclusionIn conclusion, although these two elected doses did not show lethal effects, the highest dose triggered oxidative stress and new questionings about long-term exposure models are raised to investigate furthers cellular damages to human salivary gland cells caused by MeHg exposure to extrapolate in a translational perspective. |
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| Keywords: | Oxidative stress Lipid peroxidation Protein oxidation Salivary gland cell line |
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