Blood cadmium levels as a marker for early lung cancer detection |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, ul. Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland;2. Department of Molecular Genetics and Epigenetics, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, ul.?w. Teresy od Dzieci?tka Jezus 8, 91-348 ?ód?, Poland;3. Read-Gene, Grzepnica, ul. Alabastrowa 8, 72-003 Dobra (Szczecińska), Poland;4. Department of Thoracic Surgery and Transplantation, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, ul. A. Soko?owskiego 11, 70-891 Szczecin, Poland;5. Independent Laboratory of Pathology, Zdunomed, ul. Energetyków 2, 70-656 Szczecin, Poland;6. Medical Genetics, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Priority Research Centre for Cancer Research, Innovation and Translation, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Pathology North, John Hunter Hospital, Cnr King and Auckland Streets, Newcastle NSW 2300 Australia;7. Women’s College Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada;8. Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada |
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| Abstract: | BackgroundWe assessed whether blood cadmium levels were associated with incident lung cancer and could be used in the context of a screening program for early-stage lung cancer.Material and methodsWe measured blood cadmium levels among 205 lung cancer patients and 205 matched controls. Cases and controls were matched for sex, age and smoking history (total pack-years, years since cessation for former smokers).ResultsThe odds ratio for those in the highest quartile of cadmium level (versus lowest) was four-fold (OR = 4.41, 95 % CI:2.01–9.67, p < 0.01). The association was present in former smokers (OR = 16.8, 95 % CI:3.96?71.2, p < 0.01), but not in current smokers (OR = 1.23, 95 % CI: 0.34–4.38) or in never smokers (OR not defined). Among former smokers, the association was present in both early- and late-stage lung cancer.ConclusionBlood cadmium levels may be a marker to help with the early detection of lung cancer among former smokers. |
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| Keywords: | Cadmium Lung cancer Detection marker |
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