Pomegranate juice rescues developmental,neurobehavioral and biochemical disorders in aluminum chloride-treated male mice |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Jazan University, P.O. Box 2079, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia;2. Department of Basic Sciences, College of Education, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 2375, Dammam, 14513, Saudi Arabia;3. Basic and Applied Scientific Research Center, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia;1. National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India;2. Animal and Fisheries Resources Department, Government of Bihar, India;1. Department of Nutrition, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China;2. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA;3. Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA;4. Columbia Research Reactor, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA;5. Division of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA;1. Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Chemistry, Studentski trg 12-16, Belgrade, Serbia;2. Department of Endocrine Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia;3. Center for Endocrine Surgery, Clinical Center of Serbia, Dr Subotića 13, Belgrade, Serbia;4. Department of Biochemistry, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Chemistry, Studentski trg 12-16, Belgrade, Serbia;5. Departments Ecology, Management of Natural Resources and Chemical Engineering, South Ural State University, Lenin Prospect 76, Chelyabinsk, Russia;6. Innovation Center of the Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, Belgrade, Serbia;1. Shiraz Neuroscience Research Centre, Shiraz University of Medical sciences, Shiraz, Iran;2. Nanobiology and Nanomedicine Research Centre, Shiraz University of Medical sciences, Shiraz, Iran;1. College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China;2. Heilongjiang Veterinary Drugs and Feed Monitor, Harbin 150030, China |
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| Abstract: | PurposeAluminum (Al) is a harmful metal to organisms and is capable of entering the human body in multiple ways, such as through drinking, breathing, deodorant use, and vaccination. This study examined the prospective toxicity of Al and the protective attributes of pomegranate juice (PJ) on neurobehavioral and biochemical parameters of male mice.MethodsSix groups of male mice were treated for 35 days with 20 % PJ (group II), 40 % PJ (group III), 400 mg/kg Al (group IV), Al + 20 % PJ (group V), Al + 40 % PJ (group VI) or tap water (control, group I). Behavioral assessments were conducted for learning and memory evaluations at the end of experiment. In addition, the forebrain was isolated for biochemical analysis.ResultsThe exposure of male mice to Al decreased learning and memory retention in the shuttle box, Morris water-maze and T-Maze tests. Biochemical analysis revealed significant depletions in neurotransmitters including DA, 5-HT and AChE and oxidative proteins including GSH, GST, CAT and SOD and increased TBARES levels in Al-treated mice compared to untreated mice. Pomegranate juice provided protection against these effects after Al exposure by ameliorating learning and memory retention and oxidative state in a dose-independent manner.ConclusionOur data demonstrated that Al exposure caused behavioral and biochemical disorders. Pomegranate juice in lower dose has beneficial properties for health and can be used as a source of antioxidants to reduce the toxicity of Al and other substances. |
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| Keywords: | Aluminum Pomegranate juice Learning Memory retention Dopamine Serotonin Oxidative stress |
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