Morphology and molecular phylogeny of a new brackish pleurostomatid ciliate,Loxophyllum paludosum sp. n. (Ciliophora,Litostomatea, Haptoria), from a mangrove wetland in China |
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| Institution: | 1. Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, Guangdong, China;2. The Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Ecology and Environmental Studies, Key Laboratory of the Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China;3. Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK;1. Laboratorio de Biodiversidad, Limnología y Biología de la Conservación, Instituto de Investigación e Ingeniería Ambiental (IIIA CONICET-UNSAM), Campus Miguelete, Universidad Nacional de San Martín. 25 de Mayo y Francia, 1650 San Martin, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina;2. Laboratory of Soil Biodiversity, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland;3. Center for Conservation and Sustainable Development, Missouri Botanical Garden, St.Louis, MO, USA;4. Jardin Botanique de Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland;5. Department of Mycology, Real Jardín Botánico, CSIC. Plaza de Murillo 2, 28014 Madrid, Spain;1. Department of Biosciences, Paris Lodron University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria;2. School of Health and Life Sciences, PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brazil;3. Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA;4. Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, London, UK;1. College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;2. Institute of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China;3. Marine College, Shandong University at Weihai, Weihai 264209, China;4. Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment Science in Guangdong Higher Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China;5. College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;6. Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;1. Department of Biology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, 25457, South Korea;2. Natural Science Research Institute, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, 25457, South Korea;3. Department of Zoology, Al Azhar University, Assiut, 71524, Egypt;4. Department of Ecology, Institute of Tropical Biology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh city, Vietnam;5. International Center for Marine Biodiversity, National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea, Seocheon-gun, 33662, South Korea;6. Marine Bio-Resources Research Unit, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology (KIOST), Busan Metropolitan City, 49111, South Korea;7. Department of Biological Sciences, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, South Korea;1. Laboratório de Protistologia, Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biologia, CCS, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;2. Institut für Hydrobiologie, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany;3. Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Pisa, via A. Volta 4-6, Pisa, Italy;4. Department of Invertebrate Zoology, St. Petersburg State University, Russia;5. Laboratório de Genética Molecular de Eucariontes e Simbiontes, Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biologia, CCS, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil |
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| Abstract: | A new ciliate species of the genus Loxophyllum Dujardin, 1841, Loxophyllum paludosum sp. n., is described from a mangrove wetland near Daya Bay in Guangdong Province, southern China, based on morphological and molecular analyses. The new species can be distinguished from its congeners by a combination of the following characters: (1) 12–14 right kineties and 4–6 left kineties; (2) two macronuclear nodules and one micronucleus; (3) a single contractile vacuole located terminally; (4) extrusomes bar-shaped, evenly spaced along entire ventral margin, and clustered to form 5–7 warts along dorsal margin; and (5) presence of three ridges on the left side of cell. The new species is divergent from its congeners from 0.4% to 6.7% (5–104 nucleotide sites) based on the small subunit (SSU) rRNA gene sequence data. The validity of the new species is also supported by molecular phylogenetic trees inferred from SSU rRNA gene sequences. |
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| Keywords: | Biodiversity New species South China Sea SSU rDNA Taxonomy |
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