Sumac fruit supplementation improve glycemic parameters in patients with metabolic syndrome and related disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;2. Universidade do Algarve, Escola Superior de Saúde, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, Portugal;3. Department of Internal Medicine, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;4. Clinical Research Center, Fundación Valle del Lili, Cali, Colombia;5. Colorectal Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;6. Department for Evidence‐based Medicine and Evaluation, Danube University Krems, Krems, Austria;7. Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran;8. Songhor Healthcare Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran;1. Department of Nutritional Science, Songhor Healthcare Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran;2. Colorectal Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;3. Department of Internal Medicine, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;4. Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran;5. Department of Education and Health Promotion, School of Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;6. Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany;7. Department of Nutrition and Public Health, School of Health, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran;1. Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 8174673461, Iran;2. Cardiac Rehabilitation Research center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 8174673461, Iran;3. Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Bhimtal, Kumaun University, Nainital - 263 002, Uttarakhand, India;4. Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, United States;5. Halal Research Center of Islamic republic of Iran, Food and Drug Administration, Tehran 1415845371, Iran;6. Nutritional Sciences Department, School of Nutritional Sciences and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6718874414, Iran;7. Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6718874414, Iran;8. R.R.College of Pharmacy, Bangaluru 090 560, Karnataka, India |
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| Abstract: | BackgroundMetabolic syndrome (MetS) is the one of the main causes of mortality worldwide. Several randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have revealed the beneficial effects of sumac (Rhus coriaria) on cardiometabolic risk factors. However, the entirety of the evidence has yet to be summarized in a systematic review.ObjectiveThe aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the effects of sumac on several cardiometabolic risk factors in patients with MetS and related disorders.MethodsWe reviewed Medline, Scopus, Web of Science and Cochrane CENTRAL for RCTs published from inception to December 2020 evaluating the impact of sumac in adults with MetS or related disorders. Outcome measures included anthropometric measures, glycemic indices, blood lipids, blood pressure and liver enzymes. Pooled effect sizes were reported as standard mean differences (SMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Trials were pooled using a random effects model.ResultsNine studies enrolling 526 participants met the inclusion criteria for this meta-analysis. Our results indicate that sumac intake significantly decrease fasting blood sugar (FBS) (SMD: −0.28; 95% CI: −0.54, -0.02; I2 = 00.0%), insulin (SMD: −0.67; 95% CI: −0.99, -0.36; I2 = 03.7%), and insulin resistance (measured through the Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR)) (SMD: −0.79; 95% CI: −1.24, -0.34; I2 = 50.1%). Sumac intake did not have a significant impact on weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), waist to hip ratio (WHR), HbA1c, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high density lipoproteins (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT).ConclusionSumac, as an adjuvant therapy, may decrease serum levels of FBS, insulin and HOMA-IR. However, due to high heterogeneity in the included studies, these findings must be interpreted with great caution. Larger, well-designed placebo-controlled clinical trials are still needed to further evaluate the capacity of sumac as a complementary treatment to control MetS risk factors. |
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