Origins and metabolism of formate in higher plants |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, Umeå 90187, Sweden;2. Permanent address: Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Voronezh University, Voronezh 394693, Russia;1. College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300547, China;2. Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China;3. National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China;4. China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, 450001, China;5. Beijing Life Science Academy, Beijing 102200, China;6. College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 1000193, China;1. Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Beijing 100097, China;2. Institute for the Control of Agrochemicals, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100125, China |
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| Abstract: | Formate, a simple one-carbon compound, is readily metabolized in plant tissues. In greening potato tubers, similar to some procaryotes, formate is directly synthesized via a ferredoxin-dependent fixation of CO2, serving as the main precursor for carbon skeletons in biosynthetic pathways. In other plant species and tissues, formate appears as a side-product of photorespiration and of fermentation pathways, but possibly also as a product of direct CO2 reduction in chloroplasts. Formate metabolism is closely related to serine synthesis and to all subsequent reactions originating from serine. Formate may have a role in biosynthesis of numerous compounds, in energetic metabolism and in signal transduction pathways related to stress response. This review summarizes the current state of formate research, physiological/biochemical and molecular aspects. |
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