松毛虫性信息素的固相微萃取及质谱和触角电位分析

松毛虫性信息素成分在腺体中含量很低。本研究利用固相微萃取（SPME）技术近距离长时间采集单头云南松毛虫Dendrolimus houi处女雌蛾释放的性信息素成分, 并进一步利用气相色谱-质谱（GC-MS）和气相色谱-触角电位联用（GC-EAD）技术分析SPME采集的性信息素成分。 结果显示: 在云南松毛虫处女雌蛾求偶召唤期间SPME聚乙二醇/二乙烯基苯（CAR/DVB）萃取头吸附了大量的反5, 顺7-十二碳二烯醇（E5, Z7-12:OH）和反5, 顺7-十二碳二烯乙酸酯（E5, Z7-12:OAc）成分及微量的反5, 顺7-十二碳二烯醛（E5, Z7-12:Ald）成分, 这3种腺体成分均能激起云南松毛虫雄虫触角电位反应。与溶剂浸提昆虫性信息素成分的方法比较, SPME活体采样技术和GC-MS及GC-EAD分析方法联用研究昆虫的信息素成分具有采集的样品代表性强、样品量能满足色谱分析需要和无溶剂干扰等方面的优点。最后还着重讨论了SPME技术的应用价值、效果及实际应用中应该注意的一些问题。

Solid-phase microextraction of pheromone components of Dendrolimus houi (Lepidoptera: Lasiocampidae) and their characterization by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and GC-electroantennographic detection

With a close-range live specimen sampling technique based on solid-phase microextraction (SPME), the pheromone components of Dendrolimus houi virgin female moths during the calling period were collected in order to increase the quantities of pheromone components. The sample loaded SPME fiber was introduced onto the gas chromatography (GC) coupled with mass spectrometry (MS) or electroantennographic detection (EAD), and the samples were analyzed under oven temperature program condition. The results indicated that large amounts of (5E, 7Z)-5, 7-dodecadien-1-ol (E5, Z7-12:OH) and (5E, 7Z)-5, 7-dodecadien-1-yl acetate (E5, Z7-12:OAc) were obtained by SPME CAR/DVB fiber, and trace amounts of (5E, 7Z)-5, 7-dodecadienal (E5, Z7-12:Ald) were also observed in the effluvia. The three compounds sampled by SPME fiber could evoke electroantennographic responses from male moth antennae. Compared with the pheromone gland extraction method with solvent, SPME sampling technique coupled with GC-MS and GC-EAD analysis has some advantages, such as representative sample collecting, relative large quantities of sample obtained, and solvent-free sample preparation technique, etc. Finally, the importance and practical aspects concerning the SPME are also discussed.