Bifidobacterium xylocopae sp. nov. and Bifidobacterium aemilianum sp. nov., from the carpenter bee (Xylocopa violacea) digestive tract |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agro-Alimentari, University of Bologna, Viale Fanin 44, 40127, Bologna, Italy;2. Institute of Earth Systems, Division of Rural Sciences Food Systems, University of Malta, Msida, Malta;1. Department of Food and Cosmetic Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Hokkaido, Japan;2. Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Science, The University of Tokyo, Chiba, Japan;3. Center for Information Biology, National Institute of Genetics, Shizuoka, Japan;4. Genome Research Center, NODAI Research Institute, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, Japan;5. Functional Foods Forum, University of Turku, Turku, Finland;6. Department of Microbiology, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa;7. RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Kanagawa, Japan;1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China;2. Key Laboratory for Bee Genetics and Breeding, Jilin Provincial Institute of Apicultural Sciences, Jilin Province 132108, China;1. Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy;2. Natura Viva Garda Zoological Park S.r.l., Bussolengo, Verona, Italy;3. Institute of Earth Systems, Division of Rural Sciences & Food Systems, University of Malta, Msida, Malta;1. Yakult Central Institute, 5-11 Izumi, Kunitachi, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan;2. Yakult Honsha European Research Center for Microbiology ESV, Technologiepark 4, 9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium;3. Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Bologna, Viale Fanin 42, 40127 Bologna, Italy;4. Lactic acid Bacteria and Mucosal Immunity Team, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Rue Prof. Calmette, F-59019 Lille Cedex, France;5. Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, F-59019 Lille, France;6. Université Lille Nord de France, F-59019 Lille, France;7. CNRS, UMR 8204, F-59019 Lille, France;8. Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, No. 50, Lane 155, Sec 3, Keelung Rd., Taipei 10673, Taiwan, ROC |
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| Abstract: | Social bees harbor a community of gut mutualistic bacteria, among which bifidobacteria occupy an important niche. Recently, four novel species have been isolated from guts of different bumblebees, thus allowing to suppose that a core bifidobacterial population may be present in wild solitary bees. To date there is sparse information about bifidobacteria in solitary bees such as Xylocopa and Osmia spp., this study is therefore focused on the isolation and characterization of bifidobacterial strains from solitary bees, in particular carpenter bee (Xylocopa violacea), builder bee (Osmia cornuta), and red mason bee (Osmia rufa). Among the isolates from Osmia spp. no new species have been detected whereas among Xylocopa isolates four strains (XV2, XV4, XV10, XV16) belonging to putative new species were found. Isolated strains are Gram-positive, lactate- and acetate-producing and possess the fructose-6-phosphate phosphoketolase enzyme. Full genome sequencing and genome annotation were performed for XV2 and XV10. Phylogenetic relationships were determined using partial and complete 16S rRNA sequences and hsp60 restriction analysis that confirmed the belonging of the new strains to Bifidobacterium genus and the relatedness of the strains XV2 and XV10 with XV16 and XV4, respectively. Phenotypic tests were performed for the proposed type strains, reference strains and their closest neighbor in the phylogenetic tree. The results support the proposal of two novel species Bifidobacterium xylocopae sp. nov. whose type strain is XV2 (=DSM 104955T = LMG 30142T), reference strain XV16 and Bifidobacterium aemilianum sp. nov. whose type strain is XV10 (=DSM 104956T = LMG 30143T), reference strain XV4. |
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| Keywords: | New species Phylogenetics |
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