Evidence for ribosome scanning during translation initiation of mRNAs in transformed plant cells

Summary The recent development of methods for transforming plant cells has permitted testing of the Kozak ribosome scanning hypothesis of translational initiation in plant cells. The experiments described in this paper provide a direct demonstration that an extra translational initiation signal decreases the level of Tn5 neomycin phosphotransferase II enzyme produced in transformed plant cells. Removal of the extra AUG results in an improved chimeric kanamycin resistance gene that expresses a five-fold increase in selectable resistance and assayable enzyme without an increase in stable mRNA levels. This is the first evidence suggesting that the Kozak’s model of ribosome scanning for mammalian translation initiation applies to plant cells.