Fungi and fungal products in some Canadian houses |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Molecular Biology, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland;2. Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biology and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Sk?odowska University, Lublin, Poland;3. Department of Biophysics, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland;1. LEPABE, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal;2. CEB, Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal;3. Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal;1. Department of Medicine, University of Washington, United States;2. Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, United States;3. Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, United States;4. Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, United States;5. Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, United States;1. Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Endocrinology, IRCCS Clinical and Research Institute Humanitas, Rozzano, Italy;2. Fondazione IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Endocrinology and Diabetology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Italy;3. Pancreas Surgery Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Clinical Institute, Rozzano, Italy;4. Medical Oncology and Hematology Unit, Cancer Center, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Milan, Rozzano, Italy;5. Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Rozzano, Italy;6. Endocrinology Unit, Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Rozzano, Italy;1. Boston Children''s Hospital, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Boston, Massachusetts;2. Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts;3. Channing Laboratory, Brigham and Women''s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts;4. Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts;5. Boston Children''s Hospital, Division of Respiratory Diseases, Boston, Massachusetts;6. Massachusetts General Hospital, Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Boston, Massachusetts;7. Brigham and Women''s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts;11. Boston Children''s Hospital, Clinical Research Center Boston, Massachusetts;1. Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Republic of Korea;2. Dept. of Natural Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Republic of Korea;3. ANSTO Institute for Environmental Research, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee DC, NSW 2232, Australia;4. Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550002, PR China;5. Department of Environmental Health, Korea University, Seoul, 136-703, Republic of Korea;6. Dept. of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul 143-747, Republic of Korea |
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| Abstract: | Building related illness prompted a study in the winter of 1986 to identify and quantify and fungal products present in c. 50 Canadian homes. Of these, 70% had been reputedly associated with health problems. Building parameters, i.e. air change rate and the internal moisture levels, were measured, and the fungi present were characterized and quantified along with their metabolites. Air and dust samples were analyzed and the fungal biomass in the dust was measured by a procedure which involved determination of ergosterol by a gas chromatograph/mass spectrometer system. Some 42 fungal species were identified in air, samples of which were further analyzed for fungal volatiles. Penicillium was the most common genus in both air and dust, together with Cladosporium and Alternaria. The potentially hazardous fungus Aspergillus fumigatus was found in only two houses, and Strachybotry atra in only one. New criteria are suggested to define the acceptable standards for indoor fungal levels in air during winter. |
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