Life cycle of CO2-emissions from electric vehicles and gasoline vehicles utilizing a process-relational model |
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Authors: | Ryuji Matsuhashi Yuki Kudoh Yoshikuni Yoshida Hisashi Ishitani Michifumi Yoshioka Kanji Yoshioka |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Geosystem Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, 113-8656 Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan;(2) Department of Computer and Systems Sciences, College of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, Gakuencho 1-1, 599-8231 Sakai, Osaka, Japan;(3) Keio Economic Observatory, Keio University, Mita 2-15-45, 108-8345 Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan |
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Abstract: | This article aims at estimating life cycle CO2 emissions from electric vehicles (EV) and gasoline vehicles (GV), although the estimation in this study is not an LCA according
to ISO14040s. For this purpose, a mathematical tool called the Process-relational model was developed. The Process-relational
model is used for establishing life cycle inventories. The model has a structure which improved the principle of input-output
analysis in econometrics that only one product is generated by one process. This model enabled us to overcome difficulties
of LCA in retracing complicated repercussions among production systems.
Then, life cycle CO2, emissions from electric vehicles (EV) and gasoline vehicles (GV) were estimated with this model. Estimated results indicated
that the manufacture and driving of EV resulted in less CO2 emissions than chose of GV. However, the difference between EV and GV dramatically changed depending on traffic situations.
Namely, the difference became larger as the average velocity of the vehicles became lower. We also compared CO2, emission from manufacturing EV with that from driving EV. The share of manufacture was shown to increase in total CO2, emissions as the average velocity of the EV became higher. In conclusion, we clarified the direction of research and development
of EV and GV for reducing the life cycle CO2. |
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Keywords: | CO2 emissions electric vehicles gasoline vehicles input-output table life cycle inventories life cycle methodologies manufacturing drivingmarginal allocation Process-relational model |
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