中国云南部分人间鼠疫流行区蚤类区系调查(英文)

归纳了中国云南 13个人间鼠疫流行区的调查资料 ,对调查疫区的蚤类区系进行了研究。总计捕获12 0 77只小兽 ,隶属啮齿目、食虫目及攀目 3个目中的 9科、2 9属、4 7种。从小兽体表共采获 9369只蚤 ,经分类鉴定 ,隶属 5科、18属、33种。 33种蚤及 4 7种小兽宿主均按其分类阶元详细列于文末。结果表明 ,山区蚤及小兽宿主的种数明显多于坝区。坝区农耕地的优势种相对简单 ,优势种地位突出 ,黄胸鼠及印鼠客蚤分别是最重要的宿主及蚤种 (构成比分别为 83 2 7%和 75 32 % )。山区的优势种相对较复杂 ,优势种的种类较多 ,但其构成比较低 ( 10 96%～ 4 7 95% )。黄胸鼠及绒鼠为山区地带的两种优势宿主 ,缓慢细蚤、端凹栉眼蚤、印鼠客蚤、偏远古蚤及短突栉眼蚤为山区地带的 5种优势蚤种。多数蚤种可寄生两种以上的小兽宿主 ,但其所寄生的主要宿主并不多。结果提示 ,作为疫区主要媒介的印鼠客蚤及其所对应的主要寄生宿主 (黄胸鼠 )在坝区突出的优势种地位 ,似可解释近年疫区的鼠疫病人主要出现在坝区的原因

FLEA FAUNA INVESTIGATION IN SOME FOCI OF HUMAN PLAGUE IN YUNNAN, CHINA *

foci of human plague in Yunnan Province of China are investigated and the flea fauna in the investigated foci are studied in this paper 12 077 small mammals captured from the investigated foci belong to 9 families, 29 genera and 47 species in three order ( Rodentia, Insectivora and Scandentia) while 9 369 fleas collected from the body surface of the small mammal hosts are identified into 5 families, 18 genera and 33 species All the species of fleas and small mammals are listed in detail according to the zoological taxonomy There are much more species of small mammals and fleas in the mountainous areas than in the flatland areas The dominant species of small mammals and fleas are relatively simple in the cultivated flatland areas where Rattus flavipectus and Xenopsylla cheopis are the most important dominant small mammal host ( 83 27 % ) and flea ( 75 32%) respectively The dominant species of small mammal hosts and fleas in the mountainous areas, however, are relatively complicated There are two dominant species of small mammals ( R flavipectus and Eothenomys sp ) and five dominant species of fleas ( Leptopsylla segnis, Ctenophthalmus parcus, X cheopis, Palaeopsylla remota and C breviprojiciens ) in the mountainous areas, but their constituent ratios are not very prominent ( 10 96% 47 95%) Most species of fleas can parasitize more than two species of small mammal hosts, but their corresponding dominant hosts are often limited The results suggest that the prominent position of the dominant flea ( X cheopis ) and its corresponding host ( R flavipectus ) in the flatland areas seems easy to explain why the patients of human plague in the foci have mainly been reported in the flatland areas in recent years