致幻毒蘑菇卵囊裸盖菇化学成分研究初探

从一种采集于贵州省的致幻毒蘑菇——卵囊裸盖菇Psilocybe ovoideocystidiata中首次分离得到3种化合物,分别是3β-羟基-5α,8α-桥二氧麦角甾-6,22E-二烯(化合物1)、β-D-葡萄糖(化合物2)和腺苷(化合物3)。基于高分辨质谱与核磁共振谱数据以及相关文献比对确定以上3种化合物的结构,并首次推导出化合物2和3质谱裂解规律,其中重排与中性丢失在质谱裂解过程中起主导作用。利用UPLC-MS/MS法对卵囊裸盖菇的干燥子实体和新鲜子实体中的裸盖菇素和脱磷裸盖菇素进行检测,在干燥子实体中检测到裸盖菇素和脱磷裸盖菇素,但在-80 ℃保存6个月的新鲜子实体中未检测到裸盖菇素和脱磷裸盖菇素,推测可能是由于保存方法和提取方法的原因导致化合物发生变化。

A preliminary study on chemical components of the hallucinogenic poisonous mushroom Psilocybe ovoideocystidiata

Three known compounds (1-3), 5,8-epi-dioxy-5α,8α-ergosta-6,22E-dien-3β-ol (1), β-D-glucose (2), and adenosine (3), were firstly isolated from the hallucinogenic poisonous mushroom Psilocybe ovoideocystidiata collected from Guizhou Province, China. Structures of these three compounds were determined on the basis of HR-ESI-MS and NMR data, and the results were compared with literatures. The fragmentation pathways of compounds 2 and 3 were deduced on the basis of UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS analysis for the first time, in which rearrangement and neutral loss played a leading role. Psilocybin and psilocin were detected in both fresh and dried fruitbodies by using UPLC-MS/MS method, but not discovered from fresh materials stored in -80 °C for 6 months, inferring that the methods of preservation and extraction might influence the detection results of the compounds.