皂角发酵物对红托竹荪病害防治及土壤主要微生物群落影响

为了研究皂角发酵物对贵州当地特色产业红托竹荪的病害防治及促生长作用，本研究在室内分离病原菌并进行平板对峙实验，田间试验设计4个处理：不施用药剂的常规处理、解淀粉芽孢杆菌HN11菌液、皂角粉末、皂角发酵物，调查防治效果，测量菌蛋大小及个数，检测土壤微生物群落变化。从发病组织中分离出一株病原菌，鉴定为阴沟肠杆菌Enterobacter cloacae。皂角发酵物对竹荪病害田间防治效果达77.86%，生长面积提高61.22%。土壤微生物群落中细菌和真菌分析结果显示，相较于其他处理组，皂角发酵物处理组中竹荪相对丰度占比最大，达25.83%。皂角发酵物能有效防治红托竹荪病害，促进红托竹荪菌蛋生长，减少化学农药的用量，促进生态循环，保障农产品食用安全，提升皂角和竹荪产业综合效益。

Effects of Gleditsia sinensis fermentation product on disease control and main soil microbial community of Dictyophora rubrovolvata

Disease prevention and growth promoting effect of Gleditsia sinensis fermentation product on Dictyophora rubrovolvata, the local specialty of Guizhou Province, were investigated. The pathogenic bacterium was isolated in the laboratory and the plate confrontation experiment was carried out. Four treatments were designed in the field experiment: conventional treatment without pesticide, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens HN11 treatment, G. sinensis powder treatment and G. sinensis fermentation product treatment. The control effect was investigated, the size and number of fungus eggs (young basidiocarp) were measured, and the changes of soil microbial community were detected. A pathogen was isolated from the diseased tissue and identified as Enterobacter cloacae. The field control effect of G. sinensis fermentation product on diseased D. rubrovolvata reached 77.86%, and D. rubrovolvata field growth area increased by 61.22%. As compared with untreated control, the relative abundance of D. rubrovolvata in the soil treated with G. sinensis fermentation product reached the highest of 25.83%. The G. sinensis fermentation product can effectively prevent and control disease of D. rubrovolvata, promote the growth of D. rubrovolvata eggs, reduce the dosage of chemical pesticides, stimulate the ecological cycle, ensure safety of edibles, and improve the comprehensive benefits of G. sinensis and D. rubrovolvata industries.