抗生素抗性基因在环境中的传播扩散及抗性研究方法

抗生素在医药、畜牧和水产养殖业的大量使用造成了环境中抗性耐药菌和抗性基因日益增加，抗生素抗性基因作为一种新型环境污染物引起人们的广泛关注.本文综述了近年来国内外有关抗生素抗性基因的研究进展，其在水、土壤、空气等环境介质中和动，植物体内的传播扩散，以及开展环境中抗生素抗性基因研究的必要性，重点介绍了有关抗生素抗性（包括抗性细菌和抗性基因）的研究方法，指出抗性基因研究中存在的问题，并对未来的相关研究进行了展望.

Transport of antibiotic resistance genes in environment and detection methods of antibiotic resistance

The large scale use of antibiotics in medicine, animal husbandry, and aquaculture induces the increasing emergence of antibiotic resistance bacteria and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), and, as a kind of new environmental contaminants, the ARGs are attracted much attention by the public. This paper summarized the research progress of ARGs in recent years, and discussed the transport of ARGs in water, soil, and air, and in plants and animals. The necessity of the study on ARGs in environment and the existing problems in present studies were pointed out, and the research methods of antibiotic resistance (including antibiotic resistance bacteria and ARGs) were introduced. Some related research directions were proposed.