不同壳色福寿螺形态性状与体质量的关系

【背景】福寿螺因其食性杂、抗逆性和繁殖力强以及自然天敌少等不断扩散,侵害农作物,被列为我国首批外来入侵物种。国内外学者一直致力于研究对其的防治与监控。自然界中福寿螺存在2种壳色——黄色和黑色,壳色受遗传因素和环境因素的双重影响。广东省福寿螺多以黑色为主,福寿螺倾向于与不同壳色的螺交配。壳色在一定程度上影响其交配的选择性,但2种壳色的福寿螺繁殖力指标差异不显著。而关于这2种壳色的螺在形态学上的差异鲜有报道。【方法】利用生物统计软件和分析方法进行相关性分析、通径分析及多元回归分析,计算相关系数、通径系数和决定系数,研究2种壳色福寿螺形态性状与体质量的关系。【结果】2种壳色福寿螺的体质量、层高的变异系数较大,且黄色比黑色变异系数大。对黄色福寿螺体质量影响较大的依次为壳高、口宽;对黑色福寿螺体质量影响较大的依次为口宽、层高。【结论与意义】2种壳色福寿螺在形态性状方面差异显著,可以将壳色作为特征标记,为福寿螺的监测与灾害评估提供参考。

The relationship between morphological characters and body mass of different shell-colored apple snail Pomacea canaliculata in different shell-color

[BackgrOund]In China, apple snail was listed as a priority for exotic invasive species because of its low trophic level, strong resistance for dry and drugs, high fecundity, and few natural predators. Since its introduction and spread, apple snail has brought severe damage to crops. This snail has high shell color plasticity which seems controlled by genetic and environmental factors. Surveys showed that black snails were dominant in Guangdong Province compared with yellow colored snails. Apple snails appeared to mate with snails of different shell colors. Shell color may affect mating selection but rate of fertility was not significant between the snails of different colors. Few reports have been made on the other morphological traits of the two types of snails. [ Method ] The rela- tionship between morphological characteristics and body mass of apple snail with different shell colors, was analyzed through correlation coefficients, path analysis and determination coefficients. This analysis was completed for populations in seven regions of the province of Guangdong. [ Result]The results showed that body mass and shell height had significant larger variation coefficients for the yellow snail than the black snail. Mouth width also had significant effect on body mass for yellow shell apple snails, while mouth width and whorl height were more associated to body mass in black shell snails. [ Conclusion and significance] Apple snails with different shell colors significantly differed in their morphological traits. For using shell color as signature in gene study, we can monitor and control of the apple snails, this study provides a baseline reference in Guangdong Province by using different shell color.