中国棱子芹属16种1变种的果实特征及其分类学意义

采用石蜡切片法对中国棱子芹属植物16种1变种进行了果实外部形态和解剖特征观察,研究了分生果大小、果棱形状、油管数目、胚乳形状等特征,文中探讨了部分棱子芹属植物的分类地位,为该属的系统分类研究及分类问题的解决提供了佐证。主要结论如下:(1)棱子芹属植物果实解剖特征在种间存在明显差异,在种内性状比较稳定。(2)所研究的棱子芹属植物果实在外部形态和解剖结构表现出较高的多态性和一定的规律性,可以为棱子芹属近缘种的鉴定提供重要的参考性状。(3)结合果棱性状、油管数目等解剖结构和前人分子系统学研究证据,研究认为真正的棱子芹属植物其成熟果实外果皮膨胀,果棱远端具空囊,中果皮和维管束形成的内棱较不显著。

Fruit Anatomical Features of Sixteen Species and One Variety of Pleurospermum (Apiaceae) in China and Their Taxonomic Significance

Morphological and anatomical characteristics of the fruits of 16 species and 1 variety of Chinese Pleurospermum were studied in this paper,and the size of mericarps,the number of vittaes,the shape of ribs and endosperms were investigated.The taxonomic status of some species of Pleurospermum had been simply discussed which provided great evidences for systematic classification and solution of taxonomic problems of this genus.The main results were as follows:(1)The fruit anatomical characteristics of Pleurospermum show dominant differences among inter-species,but opposite in intra-species;(2)The morphological and anatomical characteristics of Pleurospermum fruits exhibit high polymorphism and certain regularity,which can be evaluated as the significant references for relative-species identification;(3)Based on ripe fruit anatomical structures and molecular phylogenetic evidence,a basic conclusion is supported that the real Pleurospermum plants should have the following characteristics:the exocarp is swollen,the distal part of the rib is hollow,and the internal rib which composed by mesocarp and vascular bundle is not prominent.