Macrophages transfer [14C]-labelled fatty acids to pancreatic islets in culture

Macrophages are able to produce, export, and transfer fatty acids to lymphocytes in culture. The purpose of this study was to examine if labelled fatty acids could be transferred from macrophages to pancreatic islets in co-culture. We found that after 3 h of co-culture the transfer of fatty acids to pancreatic islets was: arachidonic > oleic > linoleic = palmitic. Substantial amounts of the transferred fatty acids were found in the phospholipid fraction; 87.6% for arachidonic, 59.9% for oleic, 53.1% for palmitic, and 36.9% for linoleic acids. The remaining radioactivity was distributed among the other lipid fractions analysed (namely polar lipids, cholesterol, fatty acids, triacylglycerol and cholesterol ester), varying with the fatty acid used. For linoleic acid, a significant proportion (63.1%) was almost equally distributed in these lipid fractions. Also, it was observed that transfer of fatty acids from macrophages to pancreatic islets is time-dependent up to 24 h, being constant and linear with time for palmitic acid and remaining constant after 12 h for oleic acid. These results lead us to postulate that in addition to the serum, circulating monocytes may also be a source of fatty acids to pancreatic islets, mainly arachidonic acid.