Effects of dietary combination of chromium and biotin on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and oxidative stress markers in heat-distressed Japanese quail |
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Authors: | Muhittin Onderci Kazim Sahin Nurhan Sahin Gurkan Cikim Juturu Vijaya Omer Kucuk |
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Institution: | (1) Veterinary Control and Research Institute, 23119 Elazig, Turkey;(2) Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Firat University, 23119 Elazig, Turkey;(3) Department of Biochemistry, Sarahatun Hospital, Elazig, Turkey;(4) Nutrition 21, Inc, 4, Purchase, NY;(5) Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI |
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Abstract: | Environmental stress causes adverse effects in performance and antioxidant status of poultry. Dietary chromium supplementation
promotes the growth rate and feed efficiency of growing poultry and these beneficial effects of chromium appear to be greater
under stress. Biotin, a member of the vitamin B complex, is involved in the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.
In a previous experiment, we examined the effects of chromium picolinate (CrPic) as a chromium source in birds subjected to
high environmental temperature and the data showed that supplementation with CrPic ameliorated the deletorious effect of stress.
The study was conducted to determine the effects of a supplementation of combination of CrPic and biotin (DiachromeTM) on performance, carcass characteristics, levels of oxidative stress markers, serum cholesterol, and glucose concentrations
in Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) exposed to high ambient temperature of 34°C. Two hundred forty Japanese quail (10 d old) were randomly assigned to 8 treatment
groups consisting of 10 replicates of 3 birds. The birds were kept in a temperature-controlled room at 22°C (thermo-neutral
TN] groups) or 34°C (for 8h/d; 09.00 am to 05.00 pm; heat-stress HS] groups). Birds were fed either a basal (control) diet (TN and HS) or the basal diet supplemented with either
1, 2 or 4 mg of Diachrome/kg of diet. Heat exposure decreased performance when the basal diet was fed (p=0.001). Diachrome supplementation increased feed intake (p=0.001), body weight (p=0.05), feed efficiency (p=0.01), and carcass traits (p≤0.05) variables linearly in birds reared under HS conditions. Serum vitamin C (p=0.05) and vitamin E (p=0.03) concentrations increased, whereas malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in serum and the liver (p=0.01), thigh muscle (p=0.05), and serum cholesterol and glucose concentrations (p=0.05) decreased in supplemented birds reared at a high temperature. It should be noted that when birds were kept at the thermo-neutral
temperature, Diachrome supplementation did not affect (p>0.05) the variables measured, with the exception of a reduction in serum cholesterol and glucose. Results of the present
study suggest that Diachrome can be considered a protective dietary supplement by reducing the negative effects of high environment
temperature on performance and oxidative stress in quail. |
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Keywords: | Chromium biotin heat stress meat quality quails |
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