Coordinate expression of fibulin-5/DANCE and elastin during lung injury repair

Fibulin-5, previously known as DANCE and EVEC, is a secreted extracellular matrix protein that functions as a scaffold for elastin fiber assembly and as a ligand for integrins alphavbeta3, alphavbeta5, and alpha9beta1. Fibulin-5 is developmentally regulated in the lung, and lung air space enlargement develops in mice deficient in fibulin-5. Fibulin-5 is also induced in adult lung following lung injury by hyperoxia. To further examine the role of fibulin-5 during repair of lung injury, we assessed fibulin-5 expression during elastase-induced emphysema in C57/b mice. Mice were treated with either saline or elastase via the trachea, and the lung was examined 20 days after treatment. Fibulin-5 mRNA was induced almost fourfold, whereas elastin mRNA was minimally elevated. Immunohistochemistry studies showed that fibulin-5 was induced in cells within the alveolar wall following elastase treatment. Western analysis demonstrates that fibulin-5 was strongly expressed in isolated primary lung interstitial fibroblasts. Fibulin-5 protein was localized to the fibroblast cell layer in culture, and brief elastase treatment degraded the protein. Intact fibulin-5 did not accumulate in the culture media. Treatment of fibroblasts with the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-1beta abolished fibulin-5 mRNA expression. Our results indicate that fibulin-5 is coordinately expressed and regulated with elastin in lung fibroblasts and may serve a key role during lung injury and repair.