Platinum concentration in PM2.5 in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area: relationship to meteorological conditions |
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Authors: | Rodrigo Garza-Galindo Ofelia Morton-Bermea Elizabeth Hernández-Álvarez Sara L Ordoñez-Godínez Omar Amador-Muñoz Laura Beramendi-Orosco |
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Institution: | 1. Posgrado en Ciencias de la Tierra, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cd. de México, México;2. rodrigo.cuantica@gmail.com;4. Instituto de Geofísica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cd. de México, México;5. Centro de Ciencias de la Atmósfera, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cd. de México, México;6. Instituto de Geología and Laboratorio Nacional de Geoquímica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cd. de México, México |
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Abstract: | AbstractPlatinum (Pt) concentrations in PM2.5 were evaluated by means of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) to evaluate the spatial and temporal behavior and to assess trends. Samples were taken from five representative sites in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area (MCMA): Tlalnepantla-northwest (NW), San Agustin-northeast (NE), La Merced -center (C), Coyoacan-southwest (SW), and Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa-southeast (SE). Under three weather conditions: dry warm (DW-April), rainy (R-August), and dry cold (DC-November) in 2013. We found that the PM2.5 median mass concentration was 24?μg m?3?±?15?μg m?3 while Pt concentration was 55?pg m?3?±?15?pg m?3 (median, interquartile range). Seasonal trend was identified: the concentrations decreased significantly in the following order DC?>?R>DW. No spatial distribution was observed. Interestingly, among other meteorically parameters, wind intensity resulted to be the major factor for the dispersion of Pt in PM2.5 in MCMA. Furthermore, we found that Pt concentrations increased significantly by 19.6% between 2011 and 2013. Regardless of the increase in Pt, carbon monoxide (CO) levels decreased opposite to a rise in vehicular fleet. These results urge for environment public policies that address the upward tendency of Pt levels especially in urban areas. |
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Keywords: | platinum PM2 5 atmospheric pollution Mexico City Metropolitan Area meteorological conditions |
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