五种落叶松遗传关系的等位酶分析

由于种间形态上的微弱区别,落叶松属的系统分类一直很混乱,落叶松属的系统发生也知之甚少。本文分析了西伯利亚落叶松(Larix sibirica Ledeb.),卡氏落叶松(L.cajanderi Mayr.),兴安落叶松(L.gmelinii Rupr.),苏氏落叶松(L.sukaczewii Dil.)和杂交种切氏落叶松L.czekanowskii(L.gmelinii×L.sibirica)天然种群的遗传结构。采用水平切片淀粉凝胶电泳技术,等位酶分析手段对5个酶系统(AAT,IDH,DIA,PGM,SKDH)的8个基因位点进行了遗传结构分析。结果表明各种间遗传距离(D)在0.067~0.260之间,明显大于各种群内居群间的遗传距离。等位酶的分析结果揭示了5种落叶松的遗传关系。结合以上每种落叶松的形态学、生物学和生态学特性,等位酶的证据了支持兴安落叶松、西伯利亚落叶松、卡氏落叶松、苏氏落叶松作为独立种的观点。

GENETIC RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN 5 SPECIES OF LARIX BASED ON ALLOZYMES

The systematic relationship has been quite confused among the species of Larix because of given the weak morphological differentiation between species. The phylogeny of Larix is still poorly known. The genetic structures of 5 species of Larix were analyzed in this paper. Using horizontal sliceable starch gel electrophoresis method, the variation at 8 allozyme loci coding for 5enzyme systems(AAT, IDH, DIA, PGM, SKDH) was examined in 5 species of Larix taxa across their range in current study. These species are Larix sibirica Ledeb, L. cajanderi Mayr, L. gmelinii Rupr, L. sukaczewii Dil and hybrid L. czekanowskii(L. gmelinii×L. sibirica). The result showed that the genetic distance of the 5 species of Larix is from 0.067 to 0.260, which was higher than that of intra-specific populations. The result also revealed the relationship between the 4 species Considering the morphological, biological and ecological characteristics of the 5 Larix species, the evidence of allozyme variability support the idea that L. cajanderi, L. gmelinii, L. sibirica and L. Sukaczewii are independent species.