Variation in flavonoid pattern in leaves and flowers of Primula veris of different origin and impact of UV-B |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Chemical Ecology, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstr. 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany;2. Kräuter Mix GmbH, Wiesentheider Straße 4, 97355 Abtswind, Germany;3. Weleda AG, Mühlenstraße 3-5, 73525 Schwäbisch Gmünd, Germany;4. School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Av. do Café s/n°., 14040-903 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil;1. Nuclear Science and Technology Development Center, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan;2. Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan;3. Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung University and Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan;4. Cancer Center of Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan;1. CREST, ENSAI, UBL Campus de Ker-Lann, rue Blaise Pascal, BP 37203, 35172 Bruz cedex, France;2. EDHEC Business School, 24, avenue Gustave Delory CS 50411, 59057 Roubaix Cedex 1, France;1. Department of Biology & Chemistry, Changwon National University, Changwon, South Korea;2. Central Siberian Botanical Garden, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation;3. Department of Biology, School of Arts and Science, National University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia;4. Laboratory of Flora and Plant Systematic of the Botanic Garden and Research Institute of the Mongolian Academy of Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia |
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| Abstract: | Flavonoids can serve as chemotaxonomic markers and play an important role in protection against ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Primula veris originating from two natural field sites in Albania and one cultivar from Austria were used to investigate whether flavonoid pattern may differ between populations and to determine their response to UV. Plants were grown in a common environment and shortly before flowering transferred in two greenhouses with 80% and 4% UV-B transmission, respectively. After two weeks, young leaves and open flowers were harvested and flavonoids analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography. The flavonoid profiles of leaves and flowers were highly distinct for each population, with certain flavonoids occurring only in plants of particular field sites. These flavonoids may be useful biomarkers to identify the origin of plant material. The differences in UV-treatment at that stage had no effect on the total flavonoid contents of both leaves and flowers. However, individual flavonoids of both leaves and flowers responded sensitively to UV, suggesting that they may be involved in protection against UV. |
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| Keywords: | Population differences LC-MS Plasticity Primulaceae UV radiation |
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