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Ovarian cycle approach by rectal temperature and fecal progesterone in a female killer whale,Orcinus orca
Authors:Satoshi Kusuda  Yuka Kakizoe  Koji Kanda  Tomoko Sengoku  Yohei Fukumoto  Itsuki Adachi  Yoko Watanabe  Osamu Doi
Institution:1. Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan;2. Port of Nagoya Public Aquarium, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
Abstract:This study aimed to validate the measurements of body temperature and fecal progesterone concentrations as minimally invasive techniques for assessing ovarian cycle in a single sexually mature female killer whale. Rectal temperature data, fecal and blood samples were collected in the dorsal position using routine husbandry training on a voluntary basis. The correlations between rectal temperature and plasma progesterone concentration and between fecal and plasma progesterone concentrations were investigated. Fecal progesterone metabolites were identified by a combination of high‐performance liquid chromatography and enzyme immunoassay. Plasma progesterone concentrations (range: 0.2–18.6 ng/ml) and rectal temperature (range: 35.3–35.9°C) changed cyclically, and cycle lengths were an average (±SD) of 44.9±4.0 days (nine cycles) and 44.6±5.9 days (nine cycles), respectively. Rectal temperature positively correlated with the plasma progesterone concentrations (r=0.641, P<0.01). There was a visual trend for fecal progesterone profiles to be similar to circulating plasma progesterone profiles. Fecal immunoreactive progestagen analysis resulted in a marked immunoreactive peak of progesterone. The data from the single killer whale indicate that the measurement of rectal temperature is suitable for minimally invasive assessment of the estrous cycle and monitoring the fecal progesterone concentration is useful to assess ovarian luteal activity. Zoo Biol 30:285–295, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Keywords:body temperature  cetacean  estrous cycle  fecal hormone  progestagen
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