Inside-out: from endosomes to extracellular vesicles in fungal RNA transport |
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Institution: | 1. Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Institute for Microbiology, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences, 40204 Düsseldorf, Germany;2. Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Department of Biology I, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany;1. The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia;2. Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia |
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Abstract: | Membrane-coupled RNA transport is an emerging theme in fungal biology. This review focuses on the RNA cargo and mechanistic details of transport via two inter-related sets of organelles: endosomes and extracellular vesicles for intra- and intercellular RNA transfer. Simultaneous transport and translation of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) on the surface of shuttling endosomes is a conserved process pertinent to highly polarised eukaryotic cells, such as hyphae or neurons. Here we detail the endosomal mRNA transport machinery components and mRNA targets of the core RNA-binding protein Rrm4. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are newly garnering interest as mediators of intercellular communication, especially between pathogenic fungi and their hosts. Landmark studies in plant–fungus interactions indicate EVs as a means of delivering various cargos, most notably small RNAs (sRNAs), for cross-kingdom RNA interference. Recent advances and implications of the nascent field of fungal EVs are discussed and potential links between endosomal and EV-mediated RNA transport are proposed. |
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Keywords: | Endosome Exosome Extracellular vesicles Fungal RNA biology Membrane trafficking RNA recognition motif RNA transport |
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