Surprising differences in the respiratory protein of insects: A spectroscopic study of haemoglobin from the European honeybee and the malaria mosquito |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA;2. Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA;3. Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA;4. Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA;1. Department of Ophthalmology, Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, PR China;2. Department of Neurosurgery, Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wu Han, 430014, PR China;3. Department of Neurosurgery and Institute for Functional Brain Disorders, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, PR China;4. Department of Human Resource Research Center, 371 Hospital of Chinese PLA, Xinxiang 453000, PR China;1. Dept. of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, IMRIC, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Ein Kerem, P.O. Box 12271, Jerusalem, 9112102 Israel;2. Genomic Data Analysis Unit, The Hebrew University – Hadassah Medical School, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91120 Jerusalem, Israel;1. Institute of Neurobiology, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, China;2. Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an 710077, China;3. Department of Neurology, Xi’an Central Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi’an 710003, China;4. Department of Pathology, Xi’an Central Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi’an 710003, China;1. Institute of Clinical and Nursing, Jiangsu Jiankang Vocational College, 69 Huangshan Ling Road, Pukou District, Nanjing 211800, Jiangsu, China;2. Department of Pediatrics, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, 87 Dingjia Qiao, Gulou District, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China;3. State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, 2 Sipai Lou, Xuanwu District, Nanjing 210096, Jiangsu, China |
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| Abstract: | Only recently it was discovered that haemoglobin (Hb) belongs to the standard gene repertoire of insects, although their tracheal system is used for respiration. A classical oxygen-carrying function of Hb is only obvious for hexapods living in hypoxic environments. In other insect species, including the common fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, the physiological role of Hb is yet unclear. Here, we study recombinant haemoglobin from the European honeybee Apis mellifera (Ame) and the malaria mosquito Anopheles gambiae (Aga). Spectroscopic evidence shows that both proteins can be classified as hexacoordinate Hbs with a strong affinity for the distal histidine. AgaHb1 is proposed to play a role in oxygen transport or sensing based on its multimeric state, slow autoxidation, and small but significant amount of five-coordinated haem in the deoxy ferrous form. AmeHb appears to behave more like vertebrate neuroglobin with a complex function given its diversified distribution in the genome. |
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