Normal spermatogenesis and fertility in Ddi1 (DNA damage inducible 1) mutant mice |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, P.O.Box: 1177, Urmia, Iran;2. Department of Surgery and Diagnostic Imaging, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran;3. Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran;1. Department of Histology and Embryology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, 34098, Turkey;2. Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, 34098, Turkey;1. University of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Reproduction, István str 2., H-1078 Budapest, Hungary;2. Department of Anatomy, University of Pecs Medical School, MTA-PTE PACAP Research Team, Szigeti str 12., H-7624 Pécs, Hungary;1. The New York State/American Program, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel;2. Institute for the Study of Fertility, Lis Maternity Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel;3. Israel Academic College in Ramat Gan, Israel;1. Department of Center for Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 450052, Zhengzhou, Henan, China;2. Department of Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 450052, Zhengzhou, Henan, China;3. Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China;1. Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia;2. Master Program for Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia |
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| Abstract: | The ubiquitin proteins play important role in proteasomal degradation and their balanced action is essential for the crucial process of spermatogenesis. The disruption of various ubiquitinating proteins in mice revealed defective spermatogenesis, thus inferring their important function in spermatogenesis. However, the role of some testis-specific ubiquitinating proteins still needs to be discovered. This study was planned to study the in vivo function of testis-specific and evolutionarily conserved ubiquitin shuttle gene, Ddi1 (DNA damage inducible 1). Ddi1 knockout mice were generated by CRISPR/Cas9 technology and we found that Ddi1 knockout mice were fertile without obvious alterations in reproductive parameters, such as sperm number and morphology. Histological examination of testicular tissues manifested compact seminiferous tubule structure along with all type of germ cells in the knockout mice. Moreover, cytological studies of spermatocytes did not exhibit any noteworthy difference in the progression of prophase I which endorse the fact that Ddi1 has not any vital function during meiosis. Overall, these findings suggested that Ddi1 is not critical for mouse fertility under normal laboratory conditions. The outcome of this study will help researchers to avoid overlap that will not only save their resources but also concentrate their focus on indispensable genes in spermatogenesis and fertility. |
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| Keywords: | Spermatogenesis Testis-specific Fertility |
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