Hemodynamics of the umbilical artery and conceptus-related measurements in singleton and twin pregnancies in ewes |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Animal Sciences, North Dakota State University, Dept 7630 PO Box 6050, Fargo, ND 58108-6050, USA;2. Department of Animal and Range Sciences, South Dakota State University, PO Box 2170, Brookings, SD 57007, USA;1. Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA;2. Antel Biosystems, East Lansing, Michigan 48910, USA;3. Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA;1. CERCA (Centre d’Etudes en Reproduction des Carnivores), Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d''Alfort, Maisons-Alfort Cedex, France;2. Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom;1. Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey;2. Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ankara University, 06110 Ankara, Turkey;3. Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Dicle University, 21300 Diyarbakir, Turkey;4. Department of Animal Nutrition and Nutritional Disorders, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey;1. Centro Universitário do Espírito Santo (UNESC), Avenida Fioravante Rossi, 2930, Colatina, ES, 29703-900, Brazil;2. Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense (UENF), Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000, Parque California, Campos dos Goitacazes, RJ, 28035-200, Brazil;3. Instituto de Zootecnia (IZ), Rua Heitor Penteado, 56, Nova Odessa, SP, 13460-000, Brazil;1. Institute for Reproductive Biology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Buenteweg 2, 30559 Hannover, Germany;2. Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Mansoura, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt;3. Clinic of Reproductive Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Switzerland |
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| Abstract: | In sheep, adequate physiological maternal adaptations to twin fetuses are key for their prenatal development. We hypothesized that there is a relationship between maternal circulating steroid hormone concentration, hematocrit, and patterns of conceptus growth and umbilical artery hemodynamics in twin vs singleton pregnancies. Ewes carrying singletons (n = 6) or twins (n = 7) were selected. Hematocrit, progesterone (P4) and estradiol-17β (E2) concentrations were analyzed. Blood flow of the umbilical artery (UBF) was assessed through Doppler ultrasonography. Ewes carrying twins had a decreased (p = 0.03) hematocrit. There was a tendency (p = 0.08) for ewes carrying twins to have increased P4 from day 20 to 40. From day 50 to 70, P4 tended to be increased (p = 0.07) and E2 was increased (p = 0.01) in ewes carrying twins. From day 90 to 120, ewes carrying twins had greater (p ≤ 0.04) P4. Ewes carrying twins had increased (p < 0.01) P4 and tended to have (p = 0.06) increased E2. From day 60 until 110, placentomes from twins were larger (p ≤ 0.05). On day 50, UBF was greater (p = 0.04; 27.38 vs. 20.95 ± 1.99 ml/min) in twins. It has been suggested that physiological adaptations during early pregnancy can significantly impact fetal development in multiple offspring carrying ewes. Our findings suggest that increased umbilical artery blood flow early in gestation, associated with increased maternal concentrations of P4 and E2, and decreased hematocrit (related to plasma volume) could contribute to those adaptations. |
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| Keywords: | Sheep twins placenta umbilical hemodynamics blood flow |
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