Light body pigmentation in indianDrosophila melanogaster: A likely adaptation to a hot and arid climate |
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Authors: | Patricia Gibert Brigitte Moreteau Jean-Claude Moreteau Ravi Parkash Jean R. David |
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Affiliation: | (1) Laboratoire Populations, Génétique, Evolution, CNRS, 91198 Gif sur Yvette Cedex, France;(2) Laboratoire de Démoécologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Metz, He du Saulcy, 57000 Metz Cedex, France;(3) Department of Biosciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, 124 001 Rohtak, India |
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Abstract: | We analysed reaction norms of pigmentation (thorax and abdomen) according to growth temperature for 20 isofemale lines collected near Delhi (India) and compared them to results obtained for two French populations. The climatic conditions of the two locations were strongly different, with monthly average temperature ranging between 4.2°C and 20.5°C in France and between 14.3°C and 34.3°C in India. For each segment, a decrease of the pigmentation was observed with increasing temperature and the shapes of the reaction norms were more or less parallel. On average Indian flies were lighter than French ones, in agreement with the thermal budget hypothesis. We further investigated the shapes of reaction norms by polynomial adjustment and observed significant differences. In several cases, a maximum divergence was observed at high temperature, implying a change in the shape of the norm. Characteristic values related to the thermal reactivity were also significantly different between populations but no general tendency was found. Genetic variability, estimated by the coefficient of intraclass correlation, was significantly lower in India (0.27 ±0.026) than in France (0.39 ±0.028), and we discuss the significance of this difference. |
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Keywords: | phenotypic plasticity isofemale lines polynomial adjustments intraclass correlation |
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