植物病原真菌毒素的研究现状

近几年来,关于寄主专化性毒素(Host-Specific Toxin,HST)的作用机制及分子生物学方面的研究有了新进展;在14种寄主专化性毒素中,以Alternaria属的病原菌产生的专化性毒素的研究更为深入。非寄主专化性毒素(Non-Host-Specific Toxin,NHST)的研究着重在毒素产生的条件、生物活性测定、抗性鉴定以及检测被感染植物体的毒素含量等。本文综述了一些能产生专化性毒素和非专化性毒素的植物病原真菌,有链格孢(Alternaria)、镰孢(Fusarium)、尾孢(Cercospora)、轮枝孢(Verticillium)、梨孢(Pyricularia)、疫霉(Phytophthora)、长蠕孢(Helminthosporium)、黑团孢(Periconia)和核盘菌(sclerotinia)等属的病原菌。从所发表的文献表明真菌毒素在植物病害发展中起着重要作用。

RESEARCH STATUS OF THE TOXINS PRODUCED BY PLANT PATHOGENIC FUNGI

In recent years, advances of research on the active mechanisms and molecula(?) biology of 14 fungal Host-Specific Toxins (HST), particularly of those produced by the geuns Alternaria were achieved. As to the Non-Host-pecific Toxins (NHST) researches were foc sed on the condition of toxin production and determination of the toxin content in the infected plants. Some important HST and NHST produced by species of Alternaria, Fusarium, Cercospora, Verticillium, Pyricularia, Helminthosporium, Phytophthora, Periconia, Sclerotinia, which generally cause severe plant diseases are reviewed in this paper. The published data on this subject revealed that the fungal toxins play an important role in the disease development.