The Policy Terrain in Protected Area Landscapes: Challenges for Agroforestry in Integrated Landscape Conservation |
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Authors: | Rebecca Ashley Diane Russell Brent Swallow |
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Institution: | (1) School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Yale University, 205 Prospect Street, New Haven, CT 06511, USA;(2) World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF), P.O. Box 30677, Nairobi, Kenya |
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Abstract: | Integrated ecosystem and landscape approaches to conservation are moving from concept to practice in many parts of the developing
world. Agroforestry – the deliberate management of trees on farms and in agricultural landscapes – is emerging as one of the
most promising approaches to enhance and stabilize rural livelihoods, while reducing pressure on protected areas, enhancing
habitat for some wild species, and increasing connectivity of landscape components. For the potential of agroforestry to be
effectively harnessed, however, the policy and institutional environment needs to provide farmers with clear incentives to
plant and protect trees that contribute to both ecosystem function and rural livelihoods. This paper analyzes the policy terrain
affecting agroforestry around protected areas in five very different contexts across Sub-Saharan Africa, finding both expected
and unexpected similarities. Across the sites in Uganda, Cameroon and Mali, the study revealed a rough policy terrain for
agroforestry – systemic market constraints, contradictions between development approaches and conservation objectives, and
inconsistencies in institutional and regulatory frameworks. Making the conservation landscape approach more effective will
require that both agriculturalists and conservation planners have much greater appreciation for the conservation and livelihood
potential of agroforestry. |
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Keywords: | Africa Agroforestry Cameroon Conservation landscape Mali Policy terrain Uganda |
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