Synthesis of individual ribosomal proteins in Escherichia coli B/r

The differential synthesis rates of individual ribosomal proteins (r-proteins) were measured in Escherichia coli B/r during the transition period following a nutritional shift-up from succinate minimal to glucose/ammo acids medium. These rates were observed to respond sequentially to the shift-up; the differential synthesis rate of protein L28 begins to increase within 0.1 of a minute following the shift-up, while the protein L29 synthesis rate begins to increase only after a lag of 2.5 minutes. The onset of induction of the remaining r-proteins occurs within this 2.5-minute interval. Furthermore, there was a twofold variation in the acceleration of the differential synthesis rates of individual r-proteins. Within the initial two to ten-minute period following the shift-up the differential synthesis rates of most r-proteins reached values ranging from 2.2 to 3.0-fold higher than the pre-shift rates, before declining to the post-shift steady-state values. It is suggested that the increases in the differential synthesis rates of r-proteins result in part from increases in the translational efficiency of messenger RNA in the post-shift growth medium and in part from increases in the amount of r-protein mRNA that is present.