Junctional adhesion molecule 1 (JAM-1)

Junctional adhesion molecule 1 (JAM-1) was the first of a family of related proteins (JAM family) to be discovered. Two proteins with structural and sequence similarities to JAM-1, named JAM-2 and JAM-3, have been identified more recently. JAM-1 is specifically localized at the tight junctions of epithelial and endothelial cells and is involved in the regulation of junctional integrity and permeability. This function is attributed to its ability to interact in a homophilic manner. JAM-1 can also bind in a heterophilic manner as it serves as a ligand for integrin LFA-1 (CD11a/CD18), and plays a key role in the process of leukocyte transmigration. In addition, JAM-1 is also a receptor for reovirus, and is a platelet receptor involved in platelet adhesion and antibody-induced platelet aggregation. Further study of the mechanism of JAM-1 action within these diverse systems may demonstrate that JAM-1 is a key player in many different cellular functions.