崩岗生态修复不同人工林林下入侵植物和本土植物对群落稳定性的影响

探寻基于自然的崩岗生态修复群落构建方案，以广东三岭山国家森林公园崩岗区早期恢复阶段的4种(湿地松Pinus elliottii、尾叶桉Eucalyptus urophylla、大叶相思Acacia auriculaeformis和樟树Cinnamomum camphora)林分为对象，进行样方调查，以林下入侵植物和本土植物作为切入点，以物种多样性指数、生态位宽度、生态位重叠度、生态响应指数和种间联结指数探究不同林分的群落稳定性，优化林下植物配置。结果表明：(1)4种林分中共有林下植物104种，隶51科92属，其中菊科(Asteraceae)种类最多，有33种；其次是禾本科(Poaceae),有24种。林下本土植物数目为湿地松>尾叶桉>樟树>大叶相思，林下入侵植物数目为湿地松=樟树>大叶相思>尾叶桉。与其他三种林分相比，尾叶桉林的林下入侵物种数目、多样性指数和生态位宽度均最少，同时入侵植物与本土植物的生态位重叠度也最小。(2)林下植物群落未来发展趋势最佳的是湿地松林，其次是尾叶桉林、樟树林，最差为大叶相思林，且除大叶相思林外，其它3种林分正向发展的平均速率大...

Effects of understory invasive plants and native plants on community stability in Benggang ecological restoration of different artificial forests

To explore the community construction scheme of Benggang ecological restoration based on nature, four stands (Pinus elliottii, Eucalyptus urophylla, Acacia auriculaeformis, and Cinnamomum camphora)were studied for early restoration in Benggang area of Guangdong Sanlinshan National Forest Park. In terms of understory invasive and native species, we conducted the quadrat survey, analyzed the community stability of different stands through species diversity, niche width, niche overlap, ecological response and species association index, and optimized understory plant allocation. The results showed as follows. (1) There were 104 species of understory plants belonging to 51 families and 92 genera, among which Asteraceae had the most species (33 species), followed by Poaceae (24 species). The number of understory native species was Pinus elliottii>Eucalyptus urophylla>Cinnamomum camphora> Acacia auriculaeformis, and the number of understory invasive species was Pinus elliottii=Cinnamomum camphora>Acacia auriculaeformis>Eucalyptus urophylla. Compared with the other three stands, the number of species, diversity index, and niche width of understory invasive in Eucalyptus urophylla stand were the lowest, and the niche overlap between understory invasive plants and native plants was also the lowest. (2) The future development trend of the understory plant community was the best in Pinus elliottii stand, followed by Eucalyptus urophylla stand and Cinnamomum camphora stand,and the worst was Acacia auriculaeformis stand. The average rate of the positive development of Pinus elliottii stand, Eucalyptus urophylla stand, and Cinnamomum camphora stand was higher than the negative development, except for Acacia auriculaeformis stand. (3) The interspecific associations of the understory plants of the four stands were small (OI≤0.5), and most of them were negative associations, and the communities were in an unstable stage. The connection degree of native plants and invasive plants in Eucalyptus urophylla stand was the lowest, indicating that the competition degree was the least among understory plants. (4) The pattern of community allocation could be optimized as: Eucalyptus urophylla-Dicranopteris Dichotoma-Rottboellia Cochinchinensis -Miscanthus Sinensis; Pinus elliottii-Miscanthus Sinensis-Imperata Cylindrica-Blechnum Orientale; Acacia auriculaeformis-Miscanthus Sinensis-Blechnum Orientale-Rhodomyrtus Tomentosa; Cinnamomum camphora-Rhodomyrtus Tomentosa-Rottboellia Cochinchinensis-Imperata Cylindrica. Therefore, when planting fast-growing trees to rapidly afforest for early restoration in Benggang area, we can give priority to stands with abundant understory native plants and few understory invasive plants (such as Eucalyptus urophylla stand). Positive associated understory native plants can be selected for understory plant community allocation, so as to effectively resist understory invasive plants and form stable progressive understory plant community.