基于植物功能群的生态系统服务形成与维持机制研究

生态系统可以从“结构-功能-服务”3个层次来理解,其中服务是人类的主观感受或效用。维持高质量的生态系统服务还需从生态系统的自然属性入手。结构和功能是生态系统服务形成和维持的内在机制,而植物是生态系统结构和功能的核心驱动力。植物功能群具有特定功能的植物组合,其中优势植物功能群控制着生态系统的结构和功能。生态系统服务的概念、分类与植物功能群密切相关,植物功能群是生态系统与生态系统服务间更直接的桥梁。建立生态系统服务与植物功能群间的联系,使相关研究有更明确的指向,在深化理论研究的同时使研究成果更容易落地。生态系统服务的形成、维持机制与植物功能群的内在联系主要体现在4个主要方面：(1)植物功能群的内在适应性特征和外在效应是生态系统服务形成的基础;(2)植物功能群的多功能特性为生态系统服务协同提供了可能;(3)植物功能群间替代和互补效应可以提升生态系统服务质量和稳定性;(4)植物功能群能够提供基于自然的生态系统服务修复问题解决方案。

Formation and maintenance mechanism of ecosystem services based on plant functional groups

Ecosystem can be understood from three levels of "structure-function-service", in which service is the subjective feeling or utility of human beings. To maintain high-quality ecosystem service, it is necessary to start from the natural attributes of ecosystem. Structure and function are the internal mechanisms for the formation and maintenance of ecosystem services, and plants are the core drivers of ecosystem structure and function. Plant functional groups are specific plant combinations and the dominant plant functional groups control the structural functions of ecosystems. The concept and classification of ecosystem services are closely related to plant functional groups. Plant functional groups are more direct bridges between ecosystem and ecosystem services. Establishing a connection between ecosystem services and plant functional groups provides a clearer direction for relevant research, and facilitates the application of research findings while deepening theoretical research. The internal relationship between the formation and maintenance mechanism of ecosystem services and plant functional groups is mainly reflected in four aspects:(1) the internal adaptability and external effects of plant functional groups are basis for the formation of ecosystem services; (2) The multifunctional characteristics of plant functional groups provide the possibility for ecosystem service collaboration; (3) Substitution and complementary effects between plant functional groups can enhance the quality and stability of ecosystem services; (4) Plant functional groups can provide nature-based solutions to ecosystem service restoration problems.