基于二元水循环效率提升的城市湿地修复策略

城市湿地对人地系统的水循环调节起着关键作用。随着城市的发展，水资源短缺问题日益突出，探讨湿地在缓解城市水资源危机中的作用具有重要意义。基于“自然-社会”二元水循环理论，综合分析了我国城市用水量在全国总用水量占比急剧增加的现状，以及城市水循环效率低下的重点问题；基于城市水循环途径的取水、输水、用水、排水和回水五个阶段，系统提出湿地的保护恢复有助于改善城市水资源利用状况，增强城市湿地空间优化配置和水资源可持续利用的协同效应；充分考虑城市生态空间整体优化及湿地布局，全面阐释在城市国土空间规划指导下，通过增加城市水循环中社会水回归容量和缩短社会水回归距离，提升城市水循环效率，充分发挥湿地生态工程对城市水循环优化的调控作用；最后，兼顾城市中长期规划发展的协调性、适应性，探讨了湿地保护修复以提升水循环效率的策略，包括多功能水源地建设、缩短汇水距离、多级净水、营建小微湿地以及构建自循环理念的再生系统等具体措施，为城市湿地资源空间规划的整体布局提供重要依据，对促进城市水资源可持续利用和建设人与自然和谐共生的韧性城市具有重要意义。

Urban wetland restoration strategy based on the dualistic water cycle efficiency improvement

Urban wetlands play a crucial role in regulating the water cycle of the human-earth system. With the development of cities, the problem of water scarcity has become increasingly prominent. Therefore, exploring the role of wetlands in alleviating urban water resource crisis is of great significance. Based on the nature-society binary water cycle theory, this study comprehensively analyzes the current situation of the rapid increase in the proportion of urban water consumption in the total national water consumption in China, as well as the key problems in the inefficiency of the urban water circulation pathways. Taking into consideration the five stages of urban water circulation-abstraction, transmission, utilization, drainage, and return, the study systematically proposes that the protection and restoration of wetlands contribute to improving the urban water resource utilization, optimizing the spatial distribution of urban wetlands, and enhancing the synergistic effects of sustainable water resource utilization. By fully considering the overall optimization of urban ecological space and wetland layout, the study elaborates on how, under the guidance of urban land-use planning, enhancing social water return capacity and reducing the distance of social water return in urban water circulation can enhance efficiency. The regulatory role of wetland ecological engineering in optimizing urban water circulation is fully utilized. Finally, with consideration for the coordination and adaptability of medium and long-term urban planning and development, strategies for wetland protection and restoration to enhance water cycle efficiency are discussed. These strategies include the construction of multi-functional water sources land, shortening the drainage distance, multi-stage water purification, establishing small-scale wetlands, and constructing regenerative systems based on the concept of self-circulation. These specific measures provide an important basis for the overall layout of urban wetland resource space planning, and are of great significance for promoting sustainable urban water resource utilization and building resilient cities that achieve harmonious coexistence between humans and nature.