非编码RNA在肿瘤细胞糖代谢中的调控作用

非编码RNA(non-coding RNA,ncRNA)是一类不具有蛋白质编码潜能的RNA，可分为管家ncRNA和调控性ncRNA。微RNA(microRNA,miRNA)是研究得比较清楚的一类调控性ncRNA，不仅可调控细胞分化、增殖和凋亡，还可通过调节糖酵解途径中的限速酶［如己糖激酶(hexokinase,HK)、磷酸果糖激酶(phosphofructokinase, PFK)和丙酮酸激酶(pyruvate kinase, PK)］来调控肿瘤细胞的糖代谢。长链非编码RNA(long non-coding RNA, lncRNA)是另一类近年来引起重视的调控性ncRNA，它们可通过调节癌基因c Myc、葡糖转运蛋白(glucose transporter, GLUT)、HK和缺氧诱导因子等来调控肿瘤细胞的糖代谢。深入了解miRNA和lncRNA等调控性ncRNA调控肿瘤细胞糖代谢的机制不仅可以使我们更加深入地了解肿瘤的发生机制，而且可能为肿瘤的预防、诊断和治疗提供新方向。

Regulation of Non-coding RNAs on Glucose Metabolism in Tumor Cells

Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) refer to a class of RNAs with no protein-coding function. ncRNAs are divided into two groups: housekeeping ncRNAs and regulatory ncRNAs. Among regulatory ncRNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs), the most studied short ncRNAs, not only regulate cell differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis, but also regulate glucose metabolism in tumor cells by targeting on rate limiting enzymes including hexokinase, phosphofructokinase and pyruvate kinase. Long non coding RNAs (lncRNAs), another type of regulatory ncRNAs being taken into account in recent years, regulate glucose metabolism in tumor cells through oncogene c Myc, glucose transporter (GLUT), hexokinase and hypoxia inducible factor. An in depth understanding the regulation mechanisms of regulatory ncRNAs (such as miRNAs and lncRNAs) on glucose metabolism in tumor cells may not only make us to know more about how tumors occur, but also provide a novel direction for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of tumors.