农作物花粉高温胁迫研究进展

高温现已成为农作物生产不可忽视的环境因素，而花粉是农作物对高温最敏感的器官.本文从细胞学、生理学和分子生物学等方面对近年来国内外有关农作物花粉高温胁迫的研究进行了综述，以期为保持农作物在高温胁迫下的高生产力提供思路.高温对农作物花粉的细胞学影响表现在绒毡层粗糙型内质网排列方式改变、药隔维管束鞘细胞形状异常、花粉管高尔基体小泡产生减少等方面；生理学影响表现在Ca²⁺动态平衡无法及时恢复、生长调节物质含量改变以及糖代谢减慢等方面；分子生物学影响表现在热激蛋白诱导表达不足和其他花粉功能基因表达被抑制等方面.

High temperature stres on crop pollen: A review.

High temperature has already become a noticeable environmental factor for crop production, while plant pollen was the most sensitive organ to high tem perature stress. In this paper, the cytological, physiological, and molecular bi ological studies on the high temperature stress on crop pollen were reviewed, a imed to provide ideas for maintaining high productive ability of crops under hig h temperature stress. The cytological effects of high temperature on crop polle n included the changes of arrangement patterns of rough endoplasmic reticulum in tapetum cells, the irregularity of vascular bundle sheath cells in connective t issue, and the reduction of vesicle production by dictyosomes of pollen tube, etc.; physiological effects involved the incapacity of timely recovery of Ca2+ homeostasis, the changes of growth regulators contents, and the slowing down of car bohydrate metabolism, etc.; and molecular biological effects manifested in the insufficient induction of heat shock proteins and the inhibition of oth er functional genes for pollen development, etc.