云南大中山黑颈长尾雉栖息地选择周年变化

采用比较利用和可利用栖息地的方法,分别对云南大中山黑颈长尾雉秋冬季、春季和夏季栖息地展开调查。检验和Bonferroni置信区间分析结果表明,黑颈长尾雉不同季节均偏向选择常绿阔叶林,偏向选择或回避选择的乔木、灌木和草本的种类不尽相同。利用和可利用样方差异性检验显示,不同季节对地形因素的选择性不明显,仅夏季距水源距离一个因子差异显著;植被因子中,春季差异显著的仅有乔木层盖度因子,夏季有乔木密度、乔木层盖度、落叶层盖度和草本层盖度等4个因子,秋冬季有乔木层盖度、草本层盖度和藤本密度等3个因子。主成分分析表明,不同季节利用样方负荷绝对值较大的因子在各主成分中的序位不尽相同,即栖息地选择的主要生态因子随季节发生变化。单因素方差分析和逐步判别分析表明,秋冬季与春季栖息地特征较接近,而与夏季差别较大。χ2

Habitat selection change of Mrs. Hume Pheasant (Syrmaticus humiae) in Dazhongshan during the year

Habitat selection of Mrs. Hume Pheasant (Syrmaticus humiae) was studied respectively in fall and winter, spring and summer in Dazhongshan in Yunnan Province by the methods of used and available plots. The results of test and Bonferroni confidence interval showed that the pheasant prefer to select broadleaf evergreen forest as habitat category throughout the year, although the dominant species of tree, shrub or herb in habitat differed in seasons. The tests of differences of the factors between used and available plots indicated that there was no obvious selection for the terrain factors in the whole year except the factor of distance to the water in summer. Among all the vegetation factors that the significant different ones were listed as canopy tree coverage in spring; canopy tree density, canopy tree coverage, leaf litter coverage and herb coverage in summer; canopy tree coverage, herb coverage and liana density in autumn and winter. The results of principal component analysis of the factors in used plots revealed that the factors with large loads in principal components differed in different seasons, in other words, the key factors of habitat selection differed with seasons. One-way ANOVA and stepwise discriminant analysis validated that the features of habitat were similar between spring and autumn and winter with comparison to summer.