麦蚜的不同防治方法对麦田节肢动物功能团的影响

【目的】本文从功能团的角度研究了不同的麦蚜防治方法对小麦田节肢功能团的影响,为进一步研究小麦田内生物多样性提供了基础。【方法】本试验采用黄板、诱虫灯、糖醋液及3种方法综合使用的方法防治麦蚜,系统调查了这些防治方法对小麦田节肢功能团的影响。【结果】综合使用黄板、诱虫灯、糖醋液防治麦蚜能够提高昆虫群落和蚜虫亚群落的稳定性,降低小麦蚜虫种类和天敌种类丰盛度,采用防治措施的小麦田内捕食性天敌的群落稳定性均较差,单一防治措施的使用对麦田内昆虫群落相对丰盛度、蚜虫亚群落稳定性、捕食性天敌群落稳定性也有一定影响。【结论】在农田生态系统中,不同的防治方法对昆虫群落的影响不同。在实际应用中我们应合理搭配使用麦蚜的防治方法。

Effects of different wheat aphid control methods on the arthropod community in wheat fields

Objectives] To determine the effects of different methods of wheat aphid control on the arthropod community in wheat fields and provide a basis for in depth study of biological diversity in wheat fields. Methods] The effects of yellow plate traps, light traps, sweet and sour liquid and comprehensive control of wheat aphids on other arthropods in wheat fields was compared. Results] The comprehensive use of yellow plate traps, light traps and sweet and sour liquid can improve the stability of the insect community but can also reduce the species abundance of both wheat aphid and natural enemies. The stability of the predatory natural enemy community was poor under all the aphid control measures tested. To some extent, the use of single control measures can affect the relative abundance of the insect community, the stability of aphids and their sub-communities and the stability of the predatory natural enemy community. Conclusion] Different aphid control methods have different effects on the wheat field ecosystem.