黑龙江省哈尔滨地区吸虫塔有翅蚜种群动态

【目的】明确吸虫塔对作物蚜虫防控的指导意义,明确中国黑龙江省哈尔滨地区有翅蚜(和大豆蚜)的种群动态,为大豆蚜虫防控提供预警信息。【方法】2009至2012年通过吸虫塔监测哈尔滨地区有翅蚜及有翅大豆蚜动态结合当年田间大豆蚜动态调查。【结果】哈尔滨吸虫塔全年收集有翅蚜量为0.6~1.7万头不等。具1~3个高峰(不同年份有翅蚜发生高峰数量不同),高峰期时间1个月左右,位于7月中旬至10月中旬之间。周有翅蚜量达200头时预示着有翅蚜高峰期的到来,高峰期有翅蚜量可占年有翅蚜量的90%以上。同一地区不同年份有翅蚜高峰期时间不同。吸虫塔有翅大豆蚜亦具1~3个高峰期,时间位于当年有翅蚜的高峰期时间内,为短短的1周或几周,高峰期蚜量占全年采集有翅大豆蚜量的80%~95%。田间大豆蚜只存在一个高峰,2009、2010、2012年田间大豆蚜高峰期均与吸虫塔收集的大豆蚜高峰期相重叠,且峰值日期一致。【结论】吸虫塔可以很好地反应当年田间大豆蚜的种群动态,表现在高峰期及高峰点的预测,可为大豆蚜的预测预报提供预警信息。

Effectiveness of suction traps as a means of monitoring the population dynamics of alate aphids in Harbin and Suiling,Heilongjiang Province

Objectives] To determine the effectiveness of suction traps in the prevention and control of aphids, as a way of monitoring the aerial population dynamics of alate aphids （and Aphis glycines） in Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China and as a way of providing early warning of oubreaks of A. glycines. Methods] Suction trapping in combination with field surveys were used to monitor the aerial population dynamics of alate aphids （and A. glycines） in Harbin from 2009 to 2012. Results] Six thousand to 17 thousand alate aphids were collected from the suction trap each year. Numbers of alate aphids caught peaked by 1-3 fold from the middle of July to the middle of October every year. The peak of alate aphids can last 1 month and there can be weeks when the number of alate aphids reaches 200. The peak number of alate aphids can comprise more than 90% of the yearly total. The peak period of alate aphids was variable in the same location in different years. A. glycines also had a 1-3 fold peak that may last from one to a few weeks. The peak number ofA. glycines can be 80% to 90% of the yearly total. In the field A. glycines has only one peak. In 2009, 2010 and 2012, the peak occurrence ofA. glycines in the field coincided with the peak numbers captured in the suction trap. Conclusion] Suction traps are a good way to measure A.glycines population dynamics in the field and can provide early warning of a coming A. glycines infestation.